Apparatus for use in making cement



Nov. 2, 1937. w. DYCKERHOFF 2,098,136

APPARATUS FOR USE IN MAKING CEMENT Filed Nov. 23, 1955 Patented Nov. 2, 1937 APPARATUS FOR USE IN MAKING CEMENT Walter Dyckerhofl, Mainz-Amoeneburg, Germany Application November 23, 1935, Serial No. 51,331

3 Claims.

The present invention consists of an apparatus for use in making cement which automatically apportions the slurry fed to the rotating kilns through atomizing nozzles for dispersing the spray in sheets within the drying zone of the kiln to bring the slurry particles and nodules into intimate contact with the heating stream for positively and completely contacting the atomized materials and effecting a complete desiccation thereof with a minimum fuel consumption.

A desideratum of this art, in cement burning operations, is to spread or disperse the slurry in the rotating kiln so that the hot gases passing through the latter will completely permeate the 5 slurry. To accomplish this purpose, resort has been had to baffling chains, plates; etc., against which the slurry impinges in an effort to effect a spread of the slurry. It is also well known in the art to employ conventional atomizing nozzles,

which may be mounted either in the kiln or adjacent an end of the latter and the slurry projected therefrom. I have found from experiment that the benefits of the above improvements are greatly augmented by the use of atomizing nozzles of particular construction which permit apportioning the slurry fed to the nozzles to eifect projection of the slurry in a relatively thin uniform sheet adjacent the nozzle, making it easy for the hot gases to completely permeate the slurry.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an atomizing head which includes a spiral core or shaft subdividing the column of slurry passing through the nozzle tip and urging the subdivisions of the column through the latter,

the nozzle being formed to cause expulsion of the slurry from the nozzle head in a whirling sheet within the confines of the kiln.

Other objects will be apparent from the following description of the present preferred form of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a slurry supply pipe and nozzle head constructed in accordance with the present invention, illustrating 5 the manner of mounting the head in a kiln.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the outlet end of the spray head nozzles.

Fig. 3 is a detail fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken through one of the nozzles.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows, illustrating the manner of mounting the spiral shaft or core in the nozzle casing, and

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the spiral shaft or core showing to advantage the overlapping of the terminals of the vanes.

In the drawing to illustrate the application of my invention, I have illustrated fragmentary convention cement burning apparatus, generally designated 6, customarily used in the making of cement which includes a rotary kiln 1, through which the cement slurry passes for contact with the hot gases in a manner well known in the art.

A preferred form of apparatus shown in the 10 drawing includes a slurry feed pipe 8 which issues into branches 9, each of the latter bein provided with a screen It] through which the slurry passes preparatory to entering the slurry 15 discharge tube, generally designed II. The branches 9 are equipped with suitable valves of standard design to permit use of but a single branch at one time. This allows the screens to be cleaned from time to time without interrupting the feeding of the slurry to the kiln I.

On the free end of the slurry discharge pipe, I mount a spray or atomizing head I2 which consists of a stem issuing into a plurality of nozzles [3. Each of the nozzles, as illustrated to ad- 5 vantage in Fig. 3, includes a cylindrical casing, the outer end of the bore of which is enlarged to provide an annular shoulder l4 adapted to be engaged by the inner ends of vanes I 5, which latter form an integral part of a nozzle core I6. The vanes l5 are formed spirally on the periphery of the core shaft, the outer end of which latter issues into a conical terminal II. It will be noted upon reference to Fig. 5 of the drawing that in the present instance, I employ three 35 vanes, the end of each of which overlaps an end of the two remaining vanes, and is bevelled to provide an edge I8. correspondingly three slurry conduits are formed. As also shown to advantage in Fig. 5 of the drawing, each vane extends 40 through an angle of less than 360, and preferably less than 180 in order 'not to unduly increase the constriction and the consequent velocity of flow of the jets of slurry. The outer ends of the vanes l5 engage the inner wall of a 45 cup or mouthpiece IS, the latter being concentrically mounted in the enlarged bore of the casing l3 and projects beyond the latter as shown in Fig. 3. The inner wall of the mouthpiece is dished out to provide an acutely tapering trumpet 5 like wall 20 the entrance portion of which encloses with the inner wall of the casing an angle ranging between and and which terminates in a. central opening formed in the mouthpiece in which opening I mount a nozzle 55 tip or insert 2|, made of special wear resisting material. The tip is provided with a central bore, the inner end of which flares outwardly so as to coincide with and form a continuous part of the wall 20. It will be noted from Fig. 3 that the tapering terminal or nose ll of the core is centered in the mouthpiece i9 but spaced from the wall of the latter and from the bore oi. the tip II at all points around its periphery. The core I! and mouthpiece l9 are secured from movement or displacement by a cap 22, the latter being detachably mounted on the casing l3 and provided with a central opening 23, the diameter of which approximately corresponds to the diameter of the tip 2!.

Following the teaching of the present invention, the slurry is fed under pressure by a pump (not shown) through the supply pipe 8, branches 9, and discharge pipe I I into the head II. In the head I! the slurry is divided for discharge through the nozzles ii. A column of slurry passing through the casing l3 of a nozzle impinges the inner ends of the vanes It, at which point the column is subdivided and contact had with the acutely tapered wall 20 of the mouthpiece l9. Since the slurry is passing through the nozzle under pressure a whirling action results, which action is accelerated by the construction of the wall of the mouthpiece l9 and the configuration oi! the terminal I1. The maximum velocity of the slurry is at the point of discharge of the latter outside of the discharge end of the nozzle. Since the tip 2| is made of wear resisting material, the bore of the tip remains constant, thereby preventing variation in the volume of slurry passing through the tip. Moreover, instead of replacing the nozzle after a very short period of use, sometimes only a few hours, as is now customary when nozzles are used, the nozzle of the present invention may be used for approximately a year under ordinary conditions.

By use of the nozzle above described it is possible to obtain an automatic apportionment of the slurry fed to each kiln where a battery or series of kilns of the same size or of different sizes are used suppled by a single pump. In this operation the slurry is pumped to the various kilns through the slurry supply'pipes and discharged through the nozzles 01' the present invention, the apportionment of the slurry being adjusted by the size of the outlet openings of the nozzles. It 8, 01 course, understood that the mouthpieces of the nozzles are provided with openings varying. in diameter, each mouthpiece being detachable to permit its replacement by a mouthpiece having an opening of a diflerent diameter where the apportionment oi! the slurry is to be changed While I have herein described a preferred form of my invention, it is nevertheless to be understood that various changes may be made therein within the scope of the claims herewith appended.

What is claimed is:

LAnozzleiorusein atomizingaslurryina cement kiln comprising a nozzle casing, a mouthpiece at the end of said casing presenting a trumpet-like flaring bore, the narrow part of which forms the outlet, while the wide part has a diameter approaching that of said casing, a conical core member extending centrally into said bore to form therein an annular conduit 0! out wardly decreasing diameter, and spiral guiding means forming a plurality of spiral conduits oi low pitch leading from said casing to said mouthpiece and extending each through an angle 01' less than 360.

2.Anozzieioruseinatomizingaslurryina cement kiln comprising a node casing, a mouthpiece at the end oi said casing presenting a trumpet-like flaring bore, the narrow part of which forms the outlet, while the wide part has a diameter approaching that of said casing, spiral guiding means forming a plurality oi spiral conduits of low pitch leading from said casing to said mouthpiece and extending each through an angle 01 less than 360, and an insert oi wearresisting material in the outlet end of said mouthpiece, the diameter of said spiral guiding means being substantially equal to the diameter of the wide part or said bore.

3. A nozzle for atomizing a cement slurry comprising a tubular casing. a mouthpiece mounted in one end or the nozzle easing, the mouthpiece having a parabola shaped bore, a core mounted in said casing including a plurality oi. helical wings oi? low pitch, said wings being formed in overlapping relation, one end oi. the core complementing the shape of the bore of the mouthpiece and concentrically mounted therein but spaced from the walls 01' the bore to permit passage of the slurry through the mouthpiece.

WALTER DYCKERHOI'F. 

